Items

• 
  Ross's Landing

  A field trip to Ross's Landing.
• 
  Lovely Rogers valuation
• 
  J.A. Bell claim for reimbursement

  Box 339, Entry 525, RG 217, Records of the Accounting Officers of the Department of the Treasury: Settled Indian Accounts, 1817-1922, National Archives (D.C.)
• Cahuka /Ca-u-ka 1846 Claim

  Cahuka/Ca-u-ka Transcribed by Kinsley Reid “The United States to Ca, u, ka Dr For the use of 13 acres of cleared land and houses at $8.00 per acre $104.00 “ 20 Bushel Corn $100 20[.]00 “ 1 Large wash pot 4[.]50 4[.]50 “ 1 Large pot Hooks [.]50 [.]50 “ 2 Chairs [.]75 2[.]25 “ 1 pr [pair] Cotten [cotton] Cards [.]75 [.]75 “ 1 Large Bucket [.]75 [.]75 “ 1 Chopen [chopping] axe 2[.]00 2[.]00 “ 1 Jug [.]25 [.]25 “ 2 Bags Cotton [cotton] 2[.]00 4[.]00 “ 1 Tin pan [.]3 ½ [.]3 ½ “ 2 Plates [.]12 ½ [.]25 “ 20 Bushel potatos [.]50 10[.]00 “ 12 Chickens [.]12 ½ 1[.]50 “ 3 Weeding hoes [.]50 1[.]50 [Total] $150[.]12 ½ Claiment – Ca, u, ka states that she resides near Salisaw Flint District – and owns the number of acres of Land in cultivation and was deprived of the use and benefit of her houses and plantation in the year 1845 by being compel[l]ed to flee a cross the state line for the safety of her life and family, owing to the great differcutlies [sic] that occurred in the Nation at that time the claiment sustained the losses & damages as charged in the above account and corn & other articles as charged in the claim were all locked in the houses and at the same time theaves & life distroyers [sic] Came and distroyed the goods & chattles of the Claiment- as charged in the above claim and she never has received any compensation for the same sworn to and subscribed before me the 3d jany [January] Ca, u, ka her x mark 84 Dav. Sanders Clk [clerk] C C[ourt] F[lint] Dist[rict] Cah,su,yo,ke states that he has been living with the claiment fifteen years and was raised by her, and knows that she had the number of acres of cleared land as charged in the claim and corn and other articles as charged in the houses as the claiment—stated and they were all distroyed in the time of the late disturbance & difficulties occurred. and at the same time various kinds of threats were issued against the Treaty Party caused the claimint to go a cross the line for her safety. Sworn & subscribed before me 3d Jan[uary] 1847 Dav[id] Sanders Cl[erk] Cah,su,yo,ke his X mark C. C[ourt] F[lint] Dist[rict] No 237 Ca u ka’s Claim”
• Voucher for Norris Clements & Co.

  Transcribed by Berkeley Wetherbee “The U[nited] States To Norris Clements & Co. 1838 29th Oct[ober] For 30 prs mens calf shoes 12/— 60.00 24prs boys [shoes] 9/— 36.00 6 prs women [shoes] 1.60/h— 9.60 12prs boys common [shoes]— 15.00 7prs boys calf [shoes] 6/9— 6.87 9prs boys [shoes] 4/6— 6.75 5prs Common Blankets 18/— 15.00 Amount— $149.22 I do certify on honor that all the above mentioned shoes & blankets were distributed to the poor and destitute Indians of the Treaty party (so called) by the head Men of said party Edw[ard] Deas[,] Lieut[enant] USA & Disb[ursing] Ag[en]t In[dian] Dep[artmen]t Received Fayetteville Tenn. 29th Oct. 1838…Norris Clements & Co.”
• Cahuka Valuation

  Cahuka/Cahuca Transcribed by Stuart Marshall “No 265 Cahuca’s Improvements [Pine Log Creek] Dwelling House 18 ft sq[uare] large hewed timber 1 ½ stories high, Piazza, P. floor, c[ommon] roof & ch[imney] clay with rock back 450.00 Ditto 18 ft sq[uare] ro[und] logs 50.00 Set of cribs 22 by 20 ft ro[und] logs ,, neat 75.00 Stable 20 by 16 ft ,, common roof 20.00 Smoke house 14 ft sq[uare] ro[und] logs c. roof 20.00 Fodder 20.00 85 Peach Trees @ 1.50 ea[ch] 127.50 14 Apples d[itto] $28 120 Small Peach $[.50 each] 88.00 Yard Lot 1 Acre $15 House d[itto] ½ [Acre] $10 25.00 10 Acres bottom land imp[roved] @ $10 100.00 13 [acres] upland [improved] @ $8 104.00 [Total] $1079.50 The above is the amount of Cahuca’s improvements on Pine Log Creek—she is the wife of Senacow’a who seems to have left her—Given under our hands Dec[ember] 4 1834 K.M. Hargrove Stephen Mays”
• Statement of Ecoowe, April 2, 1846

  Statement of Ecoowe, April 2, 1846, Supreme Court of the Cherokee Nation, Memorial of John Ross and Others, May 4, 1846 “Statement of Ecoowe This day appeared … Ecoowe, who, being duly qualified, deposeth and saith as follows, to wit: About two years after the arrival of the emigrant Cherokees in the country at present occupied by the Cherokee nation of Indians, a conversation was held between John A. Bell and himself, in which Bell stated to him that a plan had been formed for the purpose of stealing horses, robbing, and house-burning, and once in a while to kill persons; and he and his party would be in opposition to John Ross as long as he remained in office; for, if they could break him down, they would succeed in breaking down the nation. Bell said, also, he and the principal men of his party wished to get some young men to go to the house of John Ross, assassinate him, and then fly across the line, beyond the reach of harm. To this Ecoowe replied, ‘You are depending upon too few friends, as Ross has a great many friends, who would, if he were assassinated, follow those across the line who should do it, and retaliate.’ He (Bell) also mentioned the principal men whom they wanted to have assassinated, and named, among others, Daniel Colston, who, he said, was a man of much influence and extensively known… After his conversation Bell left the nation, and moved into Arkansas. The first thing that caused the present outlaws to secrete themselves, was killing a white man by the name of Campbell, a lawyer, for his money; and from whom they got a great deal of money. This statement was made to me by James Starr, sen., himself, who said that John A. Bell, Thomas Starr, Bean Starr, and David Buffington, were the persons concerned in it; and that David Buffington was afterwards presented with a pistol by John A. Bell, with which to defend himself in case of need. About this time Thomas and Bean Starr began to secrete themselves….they would not be deterred from destroying the Cherokee government, but would begin more earnestly in June, by which time the people would begin to see their intentions; that it would not be two years before the Cherokee government will be destroyed. In that time there will be neither counsellors nor government, nor would the Cherokees be permitted to govern themselves, but be under the government of the whites. Further, they said they intended to remove some time the coming fall…Stand Watie is the principal man of this party; next to him are John A. Bell, Ezekiel Starr, William Holt, Daniel McCoy, and George W. Adair...”
• 
  Cumberland Mountain Forage Return

  A forage return, or record of supplies issued, in the Bell Detachment when they traveled across "Cumberland Mountain," now Sewanee.
• 
  John A. "Jack" Bell in the 1835 Census
• Mike, an enslaved man, saved the life of John Adair Bell

  From Emmett Starr, History of the Cherokee Indians, p. 122: “Immediately after [Elias Boudinot's] death, Mrs. Boudinot sent word by Rufus McWilliams to Stand Watie and Watie sent his slave, Mike, to inform John Adair Bell, and in this manner those two escaped mobs that hunted them….”
• Forage Return, Cumberland Mountain

  Transcribed by J.T. Michel “(No. 4) Forage Return for 318 Horses Employed in Removal of Cherokee Indians for 5 days commencing on the 26 day of October and ending on the 30 day of October 1838, inclusive. No. of Horses: 318 No. of Days: 5 Rations of Corn: 1590 Rations of Fodder: 1813 The Issuing Agents will issue agreeably to this return Edw Deas Lt. & Disb[ursing] A[gent] dated at Cumberland Mountain 26 Oct. 1838”
• Voucher for Cahucah (Wagon Hire)

  Transcribed by Mac Bruce “The U. States to Cahucah Dr. 1838-1839. For the Hire of One 2-Horse Wagon & Team commencing on the 11 October & ending on the 7 January 89 days at $1.75 – p[er] day $155.75 I do certify on honor that the above account is just & correct Edw. Deas Lt. U.S. Army D[isbursing Agent Indian Department] Received Cherokee Country (near) Vineyard and P. Office Ark[ansas]; 8 January 1839 of Lieut Edw. Deas Disb. Agent Ind[ian] Depart[ment]; One hundred & fifty-five dollars & seventy-five cents in full of the above account $155.75 Cahucah his[sic] X mark (Duplicates) Witness of Signature & Payment J.A. Bell”
• 
  Sewanee students at Red Clay State Historic Park
• 
  Sewanee students at New Echota State Historic Site
• 
  Sewanee students at New Echota State Historic Site
• Cullanauhaskey 1842 Claim

  “No. 118 The United States Dr. to Cul,lau,noo,ha-skey Residence in the East at Chu,too,goo,tah Removed to the West in Bell Detachment. Present residence in Clouds Creek Delaware District To 5 Acres of land taken by a Citizen of the United States on Noonday Creek Geo[rgia] in 1828 not Valued Worth 10$ per acre $30.00 ,,2 Horses in the same place taken by same man not Valued worth $15 E[ach] 30.00 20 Peach trees on the same place not valued Worth 1 $ E[ach] 20.00 8 Acres of land cleared and not fenced on Hiwassee River. Not Valued $5.00 40.00 1 set hued house logs on the same place not Valued worth $20.00 20.00 Damages sustained by being cut on the head with a Tomahawk by a citizen of the United States in Georgia 100.00 Am[ount] carried over $260.00 [second page] Amount Bro[ugh]t over 260.00 1 Saddle left when Removed $12.00 12.00 ,,1 Rifle Gun left when Removed 25.00 25.00 ,,1 Bridle left when removed 1.00 1.00 ,,1 Bed Cover left when removed 12.00 12.00 ,,1 Ax left when removed 2.50 2.50 ,,1 Hunting Shirt left when removed 2.50 2.50 ,,2 Weeding hoes left when [removed] 75[¢] 1.50 ,,20 Hogs left when removed 3.00 60 [Total] $376.50 Delaware District Cherokee Nation Personally appeared before me Robert B. Daniels an acting clerk for Registering claims in Delaware District. Cul,lau,noo ha,skey and being duly sworn deposeth and saith that the account made out by him against the United States for Three Hundred and Seventy Six Dollars and Fifty Cents is Just and true. And that he has been damaged to that amount by the United States. And Citizens hereof and that he has never received any compensations for the sums or any part thereof. Sworn to and subscribed before me this 8th Day of April 1842 Robert B. Daniel Cl[erk] Cul,lau,noo,ha,skey his X mark
• Kahhuekah 1842 Claim

  “The United States (No 47) To Ka-hue-kah Dr. For 3 Rifle Guns $54 2 Bed steads $4 $58 ‘’1 Feather Bed $10 2 Bed Quilts & Sheet 20 1 Table $3 6 chairs $3 1 Sett Knives & forks 2.50 8.50 1 Set Crockery $18 2 Pails $2.50 20.50 2 Tin Buckets 175¢ Augers, Saw, drawing knife 6 7.75 1 Foot adze & broad axe $7 1 Wheel $4 11 2 p[air] c. cards 175¢1 Loom & appendage $18 19.75 200 [lbs] Bacon @ 12 ½ ¢ 50 [lbs] Lard $5.50 30.50 3 Ploughs & Gear $15—50 [lbs] soap 625¢ 21.25 4 hoes $2.50 80 bushels corn @ 100¢ 82.50 2 axes $5—1 Mattock $2.50 7.50 2 acres cleared Land not valued @ $10— 20.00 2 acres in corn, Potatoes & a variety of Garden vegetables growing 50.— 7[lbs] wool $3.50—50[lbs] clean cotton @10¢ 8.50 39 Bee stands @$3—17 killing hogs @$8 248.— 119 stock hogs @ $2—2 horses $150. 388.— 1 saddle & Bridle $19—2 bushels salt $5— 24.— [Total] $1025.75 This claimant lived at Salequoe and come to this country in Bells detachment, and lives now on Salisaw—She states (on oath) that she was forced to leave all the property charged in this account, at home when she was forced to leave it by the military for this country[.] Sworn to & subscribed Ap[ril] 8th 1842 Kah hue kah her X mark J. Mulkey cl[erk] The witness in this case states (on oath) that she was personally acquainted with the claimant and her effects being a close neighbor; and declares the claimant had peac[e]able possession of all the property charged in this account, at the time she was forced from it and her home by the military; that she herself was forced to remove at the same time by the same force. Sworn to Ap[ril] 6th 1842 Lucinda Pegg her X mark J. Mulkey cl[erk]”
• Yeh-kin-ney 1842 Claim

  To Yeh kin ne, a native Cherokee, For property abandoned in the Eastern Nation, on Ste co ye Creek, State of North Carolina—Emigrated in John Bell’s Detachment in the year 1838—Present residence, on the waters of fourteen Mile Creek, in Tahlequah District— To 2 Cows & Calves 30,,—15 Head Stock Hogs 45,,— $75,,00 40 Bushels old corn 20,, —1 Large Pot 4,,— 24,,00 3 smaller pots 6,, — 2 ploughs 6,, — 3 mattocks 4.50— 16,,50 6 weeding hoes 3, —1 Hand saw 2,, —2 augers 1.75— 6,,75 1 axe 2,, —1 smoothing Iron 1,, — 1 spinning wheel 3,,— 6,,00 50 Chickens 6,25 —43 acres in Corn 215,, — 221,,25 Total am[ount].—$359,,50 Personally came before me, Yeh Kin ne, Claimant of the above account, & states on oath, That all of the above property was abandoned by her in the Eastern nation, by the removal of the Cherokees to the west in the year 1838, & that she has never received any consideration for the same — Sworn to & subscribed before me, This 26th April 1842 D. Carter- Special Clerk. Yeh kin ne her X mark Arch Campbell came before me & states on oath, That he is knowing to the abandonment of the above property by the said Yeh kin ne as she has stated, without any consideration whatever-- Sworn to & subscribed to before me, This 26th April 1842 D. Carter - Special Clerk Arch Campbell his X mark”
• Whortleberry 1842 Claim

  “The United States Dr No. 112 To Whortleberry late of Sixes Town Hickory Log District C.N. East removed in Bells Detachment 1838 And now resides in Going Snake District C.N. 1829 & 1830 For 1 Brown horse $45,, 10 head cattle $85,, $130,,00 1831 ,, 35 head stock hogs 99,,00 1838 ,, 1 Black Mare $40, 1 feather Bed $45 85,,00 ‘’ ‘’ 1 oven $2 pot $2, 1 Basin $1 5,,00 1834 7 head hogs (stolen) $3 Ea[ch] 21,,00 [Total] $330,,00 Whortleberry being duly sworn states the above charged Brown horse was stolen from me in 1829 by a whiteman I tract my horse to the white settlements and I have good cause to think a white man took my horse, the Ten head cattle was stolen from Me in 1830 myself and others followed the man that took my cattle but could not overtake them, the Thirty five head hogs was stolen from me in 1831 by a white man named Starr, the seven head of hogs was also taken from me in 1834 by a whiteman, I do not know his name, the Items charged in 1838 I was forced to abandon by the United States Authorities in 1838. I have never Received any compensation whatever Sworn to & Subscribed before me This 16th April 1842 Whortleberry his X mark Ignatius A. Few Cl[erk] DC Owl Foster being duly sworn states he Know[s] the above charged Brown horse was stolen from the claiment in 1829. I think a white man stole him as myself & claiment track the horse to the White Settlements. the Ten head of cattle was stolen from claiment in 1830 by a white man. myself, claiment & others pursued after the man and cattle but we could not overtake him,—the thirty five head of hogs was stolen from claiment in 1831 by a whiteman named Starr, the Seven head hogs was taken from claiment in in 1834 by a white man. I do not know his name, the other Items charged claiment was forced to abandon them by the United States authorities in 1838. And he has never Received any pay to my knowledge Sworn to subscribed before me This 16th April 1842 Owl Foster his X mark Ignatius A. Few C[lerk] DC”
• Wattee 1842 Claim

  “The United States Dr Aquohee District C.N. Bells Detachment residence Going Snake District To Watte No. 17 313 325 1 Black Mare $50.00 1 Brown Horse 80.00 11 Head of Cattle $10 [each] 110.00 15 Head of Hogs $3 [each] 45.50 10 Chickens 12 [cents][each] 5 Ducks [25] [cents each] 2.50 1 Plow & Garr [Gear] $5. 3 Hoes for $1 [each] 8.50 1 mattock $3 1 axe $2 5.00 Set Crockery Ware 1.00 1 set Knive $1 5 pots $3 [each] 16.00 2 Water pails $1 [each] 2 chairs $1 [each] 7.00 1 Table $3 4 coverlids $6 [each] 24.00 1 Rifle Gun $30 30.00 5 acres of upland good fenced planted at $10 per acre 50.00 15 acres of upland good fence at $8 per acre 120.00 1 Cabbin 25.00 18 Peach Trees $2 [each] 36.00 For disposition for 3 years at $6 per acre per annum 324.00 [Total] $953.50 Watte being duly sworn states that all of his above account of property as charged and described was forced to abandon in 1838 by the Authorities of the States and the 5 acres Improvement was made after Treaty [of 1836] on Shooting Creek for which I have no valuation[.] The 15 acres of Improvement was made on Shooting Creek and was dispossessed of the same by Jesse Hide a white man [in] 1835 for which I have no valuation (as the valuing [agent’s] Book will Sho[w]) Sworn to & Subscribed before me This 27th April 1842 I A Few Cl[erk] DC Watte his X mark Johnson Robbins and Sen,e,gou,we being duly sworn says we was well acquainted with the claimant and property pos[sess]ions &c and all of the claimants property as charged and discribed in above account He was forced to Abandon in 1838 and the 5 acres of Improvement was made by claimant after Treaty 1836 and the 15 Acres of Improvement was made by the claimant on Shooting Creek and he was dispossessed of the same by Jesse Hide a white man in 1835 for which He Has no Valuation Sworn to and subscribed before me This 27th April 1842 I A Few [clerk] Johnson Robbins his X mark Sen,e,cowe his X mark”
• Twist 1842 Claim

  Twist, Transcribed by Parker Roth
• Tesaske 1842 Claim

  “The United States Dr. No 13 To Te.sa.ske Late of Coossawattee District C.N.E. removed in Bells Detachment 1838 and now resides in Going Snake District C.N. For 1 black mare and yearling colt $150.00 ‘’ 11 head hogs $33 33.00 ‘’ 4 Acres growing corn $10 per Acre 40.00 [Total] $223.00 Te.sa.ske being sworn says that the above claim is a just account of property against the United States which he was forced to abandon by the Authorities of the United States in 1838 and that he has never Received any compensation for the same from the U.S. or any other source whatever—Sworn and subscribed before me This 24 March 1842 Ignatius A Few Cl[erk] D.C. Te. Sa Ske. his X mark Too.nah.wee being duly sworn says the above claim for property against the United States is a just claim and that claimant was forced to abandon it by the authorities of the United States in 1838 and that claiment has never received any compensation for the same from the U.S. or any other source whatsoever to my knowledge Sworn to and subscribed before me This 24 March 1842 Ignatius A Few Cl[erk] D.C.
• Sweetwater 1842 Claim

  “The United States Dr 36 To Sweetwater Late of Peachtree Creek Ahquohee District Cherokee Nation East and (now) resides in Flint District C.N. came to this country in Bells Detachment 1838 1838 For Am[ount] of money Drawn out of my valuations by... Love & Hyat $79.80 1 House at camp meeting ground 20 feet 18 20.00 1 hewed log house nail roof and finished 60.00 1 " " puncheon floor wood chimney 18 feet 17 ... 80.00 1 Round Log [house] 16 feet square finished 20.00 1 set of joice [joists] for house 800 new boards $8 10.00 A stable $10, 1 cow lot $5, 1/2 Acre Garden Lot $10 25.00 1 yard fince with 2 Gates $5, 1 Acre of Irish Potatoes $30 35.00 33 Acres of Growing corn $330, 2 small ploug[h]s and coutters $6 336.00 3 ploughs and Gearing complete $18, 4 clevices $2 20.00 Weeding hoes $4, 1 mattock $21, 1 Collins Axe 3$. 1 lock chain $3 12.00 2 hand saws $4, 2 Draw Knives $3, 3 Augurs 2.50 9.50 2 chisels $1, 2 Gimblets $.30 1 shoe hammer $.50 1 Stone jar $1 2.00 1 Sett of plates & Dishes $2.50, 1 Sett Knives & forks $2 4.50 1 Table $2.50, 4 chairs $2, 1 Large oven $4, 1 small oven $1 10.50 2 Large Pots $8, 1 Small Pot $2, 2 [pairs] Pot hooks $2, 1 pot rack $1 13.00 3 cows & calves $45, 1 Steer $10, 2 hiefers $16. 1 colt yearling $15 86.00 14 head sheep $42, 60 heads Stock hogs $180, 1 hive bees $3 223.00 1 Coffee Mill $1.50, 2 pad Locks $1, 2 Iron wedges $1 3.50 970 [Total] 1049.80 Sweetwater being truly qualified states I was compelled to abandon the above improvement as well as the other property in consequence of my being captured by the troops I built the houses in consequence of my own being burnt, the money taken out of my valuation I was not indebted to the parties who drew it. I had previously settled their account having been sued on a note and judgment given against my property by D. McKay Dep[uty] Sheriff whose receipt for the same accompanies the file of paper to which [I] refer. I did not transact any business with them after that time Sworn to and subscribed before me DM Foreman CN Cl[erk] Sweetwater his X mark For further evidence in relation to the above claim see page 136 folio Cherokee Nation Going Snake District"
• Oolstoah 1842 Claim

  “The United States Dr- To Ool stoo ah, a native Cherokee For property abandoned in the Eastern Nation, on Pine Log Creek, near to Whiteman Killer’s residence in Cass County, Georgia—Emigrated in John Bell’s Detachment in the year 1838—Present residence, on the Illinois River, in Tahlequah District— To one field of cleared lands forcibly taken from him by citizens of the U. States in the spring of 1834—consisting of 15 acres, for four years — $300.00 Personally came before me, Ool stoo ah, claimant of the above account, & states on oath, That the above named damage he suffered by being forcibly ejected from the said possessions at the time & manner above set forth, & that he has never received any consideration of the United States or any other source for the above named damages — Sworn & subscribed to before me, This 20th April 1842 Ool stoo ah his X mark D. Carter, Special Clerk for making out claims for Tahlequah District Personally came before me, Whiteman Killer, a witness to the above, & states on oath, That he is well knowing to the ejectment of the said Ool stoo ah from his possessions above named, for the time & in the manner stated, by the citizens of the U. States Sworn to and subscribed before me This 20th April 1842—D. Carter D.C. Whiteman Killer his X mark”
• Heirs of Huckleberry 1846 Claim

  Heirs of Huckleberry Transcribed by Stuart Marshall “The United States To the Heirs of Huckleberry of Bells Detachment Dr. To the use and occupation of 2 Dwelling houses and fifteen acres of farm 150 Dollars—Damage 150 1 brown mare killed by his enemies on the account of his politics by the Ross party 75 [Total] $225 We do hearby certify that the heirs of Huckleberry were force[d] to leave the[ir] farm under the excitement and difficulties above named and the abo[ve] is a true account the [value] set forth in the account is just and true and the general belief was that she was killed by some of the Ross party… Sworn to & subscribed before me Jan[uary] 6th 1847 David Flying Squi[rrel] his X mark J[ohn] Thompson Adair ass[istant] judge Sup[erior] Court Cherokee Nation No 134 The Heirs of Huckleberry claims 225—”